泵两种基本类型分别是：正排量泵和离心泵。正排量泵通过移动一定量的流体来驱动流体，并迫使固定量进入排放管。无论排出压力如何，它们都能以给定的速度产生相同的流量，从而使其成为恒定流量的机器。为了防止爆裂，正排量泵通常在排放侧具有泄压阀或安全阀。如果容积式泵对一个关闭的排放阀进行操作，则排放内的压力增加，造成管路爆裂，从而损坏泵。正排量泵可分为往复式泵（活塞，柱塞和隔膜），动力泵，蒸汽泵和旋转泵（齿轮，叶片，螺杆，叶片，再生式或周边式和渐进式腔体）。

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